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Is the Naruto one-shot the same story as chapter one?

No. In the pilot, Naruto is not a boy with a fox inside him. He is the fox.

The first Naruto ran in the summer 1997 issue of Akamaru Jump, two years before the series began in Weekly Shonen Jump, and it keeps the name, the fox, and the loneliness, then changes nearly everything else. Its Naruto is a young demon fox who lives in the shape of a boy. His father, the nine-tailed fox, destroyed the village on Mount Oinari; of the nine powerful shinobi who fought the beast, only the village chief survived, and the chief took pity on the cub and raised him in the village that had every reason to hate him.

The story the pilot tells is a small one. Naruto can make no friends at home, so the chief sends him into the city with a single order: he is not to return until he brings a friend back with him. There he falls in with an artist named Kuroda, gets caught up in a murder, is framed for it, and has to use his fox powers and his wits to catch the real culprit and earn the first trust anyone has ever placed in him. No academy, no squads, no exam arc: a one chapter mystery about a monster's son asking the world for one friend.

Readers responded well to it, but Kishimoto himself was dissatisfied with its art and its story, and when he rebuilt the idea as a weekly series he inverted its central fact. His first editor, Kosuke Yahagi, later explained why: a hero who simply is the creature leaves a long series nowhere to go. Sealing the fox inside a human boy instead gave the story its engine: a child the village fears for what he carries, fighting for the acknowledgment the pilot's Naruto crossed a city to find.

PILOT VS CHAPTER ONE

The differences that matter
The hero
Pilot: Naruto is a young demon fox living in the shape of a boy. Series: Naruto is a human boy with the fox sealed inside him.
The father
Pilot: the nine-tailed fox who destroyed the village is Naruto's own father. Series: the fox is a separate beast, and Naruto's father is the Fourth Hokage who sealed it away.
The village
Pilot: a village on Mount Oinari, ruled by a chief, the lone survivor of the nine shinobi who fought the fox. Series: the Village Hidden in the Leaves, ruled by the Hokage.
The plot
Pilot: sent to a modern city, Naruto is framed for a murder and has to clear his name. Series: academy, squads, exams, and missions from chapter one.
The order
Pilot: the chief sends Naruto out with one instruction, do not come back until you bring a friend home with you. Series: Naruto sets his own goal, to become Hokage.
Where to read it
The pilot is reprinted in Hyo no Sho, the first official Naruto data book: the easiest legitimate copy to find.

THE BOOK ON THE SHELF

Naruto · the series
Naruto volume 72 English cover, the final volume
English tankobon · Vol. 72
The final English volume of the series that began as the 1997 one-shot this page examines.
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THE FIRST WORD

New pages and new pieces, first.