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The History of Bomberman

He started as a man in a bowler hat. The robot came from another game.

The first Bomberman was a Japanese home computer game of July 1983, written in BASIC and called Bakudan Otoko, Bomb Man: a man in a bowler hat wiping out balloon shaped ghosts in a maze, one cross shaped explosion at a time. In Britain the same game, scrubbed of its title, was sold as Eric and the Floaters. Nobody involved could have guessed the maze would still be selling forty years later.

The famous version is the Famicom rebuild of December 20, 1985, programmed by Hudson director Shinichi Nakamoto. Nakamoto kept the formula, added the power up system that lets Bomberman grow stronger panel by panel, and made the decision that fixed the character forever: the bowler hatted man became a robot, borrowed outright from the enemy sprites of Hudson's own Famicom port of Lode Runner. His reasoning, on the record, was practical and a little cold. If the hero were a robot, he would not feel too sorry watching him blown apart by his own bombs. The game's ending completes the joke: clear the fiftieth stage and Bomberman turns human, into the hero of Lode Runner itself. The first Bomberman is, by its own ending, a Lode Runner prequel.

THE TWO COVERS

Same maze, two sales pitches
Bomberman Japanese Famicom box art
Japan · 1985
The Famicom box sells the character as he appears in the game: round, white, and cheerful about explosives. Small 100px file, renders soft. Swap in class.
Bomberman American NES box art
America · 1989
The NES box sells a spaceman who appears nowhere in the game, and uses its sash to do the real work: over one million sold in Japan. Small 100px file, renders soft. Swap in class.

HOW IT WAS MADE

A marathon, a sample, and a techno score
The 72 hours
The Famicom port is remembered inside Hudson as a single marathon programming session of about 72 hours by Nakamoto. The detail is repeated across the game's histories; the result sold, by Hudson's own claim printed on the American box, nearly one million copies in Japan alone by 1989.
The sound of the bomb
Bomberman was Hudson's first game to use sampled sound. Nakamoto auditioned recordings of real explosions until he found the one that felt most satisfying, a producer's decision hiding inside a sound effect.
The music
Jun Chikuma composed the Famicom score. She has said the Famicom's sound chip struck her as suited to techno, and she built the music by mixing techno and electronic approaches with other genres. The short looping theme became one of the most remixed tunes in the medium.

THE REINVENTION

Multiplayer made the series

Read the reviews of the 1985 game and a pattern forms: fun, simple, and missing something. That something was other people. The original has no multiplayer at all, and retrospective reviews of every reissue say so. Hudson fixed it on the PC Engine. Bomberman (1990) for the TurboGrafx-16 rebuilt the formula around battle play for up to five players, and Super Bomberman (1993) carried it to the Super NES bundled with Hudson's own Super Multitap, the adapter that put four controllers on one port. Super Bomberman 3 raised battle mode to five players. From there the series' center of gravity never moved back: the maze is a party game that happens to have a solo mode attached.

The volume followed. The franchise passed 70 games and, by the commonly cited 2007 count, over 10 million copies. At the late 1990s peak Hudson averaged about six Bomberman releases a year. When Hudson was dissolved in 2012 the series passed to Konami intact, and Super Bomberman R opened the Nintendo Switch era in 2017 as a launch title, proof that the formula Nakamoto rebuilt in three days had outlived the company that made it.

HOW IT WAS RECEIVED

Mixed then, canonical now
Contemporary verdicts
Computer Entertainer marked the NES version not recommended, calling it mildly addictive before boredom set in. Game Player's was kinder, recommending it to less experienced players while noting the monotony and the very long passwords.
The maker's verdict
Nakamoto, in a 1995 interview: I personally believe that the Famicom version of Bomberman is the one and only version of the game. The creator's favorite is the solo original, not the party game it became.
The lasting verdict
Retrospective critics treat the 1985 game as the foundation stone: everything the series is exists here in embryo, except the one feature, multiplayer, that made it immortal.
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